What was Cancun before it became a resort?

Cancun was once a quiet area with ancient Maya sites and small communities before its transformation into a major resort.

Short answer

Before it became a resort, Cancun was primarily a small fishing village and agricultural area featuring ancient Maya sites, coconut plantations, and chicle tapping.

Before Cancun transformed into a world-famous resort destination, it was a modest fishing village surrounded by lush coconut plantations and ancient Maya ruins. The region was primarily inhabited by a few families, notably in Puerto Juarez, who engaged in local agriculture and fishing, living a life far removed from the bustling tourist scene that exists today. El Meco, a significant Maya archaeological site, is located just north of Cancun and reflects the area's rich history. The region's economy relied on coconut production and the tapping of chicle, a natural gum used in confectionery. This simpler way of life was drastically altered with the construction of the Cancun-Tulum highway in the early 1970s, which paved the way for rapid development and tourism.

Year Cancun was developed: 1970
Distance from Cancun to El Meco: about 3 km
Population of Puerto Juarez in 1970: around 200 people
Average height of coconut palms: about 15 to 30 feet
Chicle tapping peak years: 1930s to 1950s
Area of ancient Maya sites: over 10 sites in the region

El Meco: A Glimpse into the Past

El Meco is one of the most significant archaeological sites near Cancun, showcasing remnants of the ancient Maya civilization. This site features structures dating back to the Late Postclassic period, around 1200 AD. Visitors can explore the impressive temple, which served as a lookout point over the lagoon, and other ruins that highlight the architectural prowess of the Maya. The site is less crowded than more famous ruins, providing a serene environment to appreciate the history and culture of the Maya people. El Meco's proximity to Cancun makes it an easy visit for those interested in exploring the region's rich heritage.

Small Maya Sites on the Island

In addition to El Meco, Cancun and its surrounding areas are home to several smaller Maya sites that offer insights into the region's ancient past. Sites like Tulum and Coba, although more popular, are complemented by lesser-known locations that provide a glimpse into the daily lives of the Maya. These sites often feature ceremonial platforms, ball courts, and residential structures. Exploring these smaller sites can give visitors a deeper understanding of Maya culture, including their agricultural practices and social structures. Each site tells a unique story, contributing to the overall narrative of the ancient Maya civilization.

Coconut Plantations: The Lifeblood of Early Cancun

Before the rise of tourism, Cancun was dotted with coconut plantations. These plantations were crucial to the local economy, providing both food and income for the small communities in the area. The coconuts were harvested for their meat and water, and the husks were often used in traditional crafts. The cultivation of coconuts also played a role in the region's identity, as the palm trees became emblematic of the tropical landscape. While many of these plantations have been replaced by hotels and resorts, remnants of this agricultural past can still be seen in the surrounding areas.

Chicle and Gum Tapping: A Forgotten Industry

Chicle tapping was another significant aspect of Cancun's pre-resort economy. Chicle, the natural gum harvested from sapodilla trees, was used to produce chewing gum. The industry peaked in the 1930s to 1950s, providing jobs for local families. Tappers would venture into the jungles to extract the sap, which was then processed and sold. This practice not only supported the local economy but also cultivated a unique connection between the community and the surrounding environment. As tourism took over, this traditional industry faded, leaving behind a legacy that is often overlooked.

The Families of Puerto Juarez

Puerto Juarez, a small fishing village located just north of Cancun, was home to a handful of families who lived off the land and sea. These families relied on fishing and agriculture, cultivating crops and catching fish for sustenance. The village was tight-knit, with community events and traditions that shaped their way of life. As Cancun developed into a resort destination, many of these families were displaced or adapted to the changing landscape, often finding work in the burgeoning tourism industry. The stories of these families highlight the human aspect of Cancun's transformation.

The Road That Changed Everything

The construction of the Cancun-Tulum highway in the early 1970s marked a turning point for the region. This road facilitated access to the area, attracting developers and investors eager to capitalise on its natural beauty and strategic location. The highway opened the door to mass tourism, leading to the rapid development of hotels, restaurants, and entertainment venues. As a result, Cancun transformed from a quiet fishing village into a bustling resort city within a few short years. This rapid change brought both economic opportunities and challenges, reshaping the lives of the local population.

Worth knowing

-Visit El Meco for a quieter archaeological experience.
-Explore smaller Maya sites for unique insights into ancient culture.
-Try local coconut products for a taste of Cancun's agricultural past.
-Learn about chicle tapping at local museums or tours.
-Take a trip to Puerto Juarez to see traditional fishing practices.
-Drive along the Cancun-Tulum highway for stunning coastal views.
-Support local artisans to keep traditional crafts alive.

Follow-up questions

What is El Meco?

El Meco is an archaeological site near Cancun, known for its ancient Maya ruins and historical significance.

How many Maya sites are near Cancun?

There are over 10 Maya sites in the Cancun region, each with unique historical and cultural importance.

What crops were grown in early Cancun?

Coconut and various fruits were the main crops grown in early Cancun, supporting the local economy.

What happened to the families in Puerto Juarez?

Many families adapted to tourism, while some were displaced as Cancun developed into a resort city.

When was the Cancun-Tulum highway built?

The Cancun-Tulum highway was constructed in the early 1970s, leading to the rapid development of the area.

What is chicle?

Chicle is a natural gum harvested from sapodilla trees, historically used in chewing gum production.

Is there still agriculture in Cancun?

While much of Cancun is urbanised, some agriculture continues in the surrounding areas, focusing on local produce.